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The relationship between exercise and osteoarthritis in the elderly.
Lawrence E Hart1, Derek A Haaland, Danielle A Baribeau
1Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. hartl@mcmaster.ca
Summary
Physical activity
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Exercise Science
- Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Health
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease affecting millions worldwide, particularly older adults.
- The role of physical activity in the onset and progression of OA, and the efficacy of exercise in managing established OA, remain areas of active research and clinical interest.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the evidence on the relationship between physical activity and osteoarthritis (OA) development/progression in later life.
- To evaluate the impact of structured exercise programs on the management of OA in elderly populations.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases.
- Inclusion criteria focused on high-quality studies: prospective cohort studies for risk assessment and systematic reviews/RCTs for therapy, with a mean participant age of at least 55 years.
Main Results:
- No clear consensus emerged on whether physical activity is a risk factor for OA due to study variations.
- A majority of included reviews and RCTs indicated that structured exercise programs are effective for managing OA in older adults.
Conclusions:
- Heterogeneity in study designs, populations, and exercise protocols complicates consensus on physical activity's role in OA development.
- Despite variability, substantial evidence supports the benefits of strength training and aerobic exercise for managing OA in middle-aged and elderly individuals.
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