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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
07:13

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity

Published on: May 18, 2020

Evolving synaptic plasticity with an evolutionary cellular development model.

Uri Yerushalmi1, Mina Teicher

  • 1The Leslie and Susan Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel. uri.yerushalmi@gmail.com

Plos One
|November 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel evolutionary model capable of developing diverse synaptic plasticity, crucial for learning and memory. The model successfully evolved complex behaviors and neural mechanisms, offering insights into biological evolution and artificial computation.

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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology
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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology
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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology

Published on: April 23, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Synaptic plasticity is fundamental to learning and memory.
  • Existing evolutionary models struggle to replicate diverse biological synaptic plasticity regimes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present and test a biologically plausible evolutionary cellular development model.
  • To assess the model's ability to evolve various synaptic plasticity regimes.

Main Methods:

  • A genomic and proteomic regulation network controls cells and neurites in a 2D environment.
  • Experiments utilized direct and task-based fitness functions to evolve synaptic plasticity.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully evolved different synaptic plasticity regimes.
  • Demonstrated evolution of behaving organisms, gene phenomena, and temporal representations.
  • Showcased potential for evolving simple plasticity in task-specific environments.

Conclusions:

  • The evolutionary cellular development model is a viable tool for studying synaptic plasticity evolution.
  • The model can serve as a foundation for novel artificial computational systems.