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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
12:06

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion

Published on: October 10, 2011

Liver stem cells.

Neil D Theise1

  • 1Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, U.S.A. (E-mail, Neil.Theise@med.nyu.edu.

Cytotechnology
|November 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liver regeneration involves three main cell populations: hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and stem/progenitor cells. The specific insult dictates which of these compartments drive liver repair.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary science
  • Stem cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Hepatocytes and cholangiocytes possess self-maintenance capabilities.
  • Recent research highlights intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic stem/progenitor cell populations in the liver.
  • The liver's regenerative capacity is crucial for maintaining organ function and repairing damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the distinct cellular compartments involved in liver regeneration.
  • To understand the origins and contributions of intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic stem/progenitor cells.
  • To explore how different types of insults influence the balance of regenerative mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on liver cell biology and regeneration.
  • Analysis of studies identifying stem/progenitor cell populations within and outside the liver.
  • Correlation of injury types with the activation of specific regenerative pathways.

Main Results:

  • Liver regeneration involves three tiers: resident hepatocytes/cholangiocytes, intra-organ stem/progenitors (primarily from the biliary tree), and extra-organ stem/progenitors (partially from bone marrow).
  • The biliary tree, particularly the canals of Hering and ductules, is a likely source of intra-hepatic stem/progenitors.
  • Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to the extra-organ stem/progenitor pool.

Conclusions:

  • Liver regeneration is a multi-faceted process involving distinct cellular compartments.
  • The biliary tree serves as a significant source for intra-hepatic stem/progenitor cells.
  • The type and severity of liver injury determine the predominant regenerative mechanism employed.