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Clinical aspects of 100 patients with Kawasaki disease

E J Tizard1, A Suzuki, M Levin

  • 1Department of General Paediatrics and Nephrology, Hospital for Sick Children, London.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|February 1, 1991
PubMed

Insights

Kawasaki disease can lead to serious cardiac issues, including coronary artery aneurysms. Early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin is recommended to mitigate cardiac involvement in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease is a significant cause of acquired heart disease in children.
  • Cardiac involvement is a major concern, potentially leading to long-term cardiovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical features, cardiac involvement, and treatment outcomes of Kawasaki disease over a 12-year period.
  • To identify factors associated with cardiac complications and discuss long-term cardiovascular sequelae.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 101 Kawasaki disease episodes in 100 patients.
  • Analysis of laboratory findings, cardiac involvement (pericardial effusion, coronary artery aneurysms), and treatment regimens.
  • Correlation of laboratory variables with cardiac involvement.

Main Results:

  • 35% of patients experienced cardiac involvement, with one fatality due to ischemic complications.
  • Leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were common laboratory findings and significantly associated with cardiac involvement.
  • Treatment evolved to include routine intravenous immunoglobulin for early-diagnosed cases.

Conclusions:

  • Kawasaki disease poses a substantial risk of cardiac complications in children.
  • Leukocytosis and thrombocytosis are predictive markers for cardiac involvement.
  • Long-term cardiovascular consequences require further investigation, especially in light of adult atherosclerotic lesions resembling those in Kawasaki disease.

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