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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
06:15

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Nodular morphea.

F Kauer1, J C Simon, M Sticherling

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Germany. friederike.kauer@vivantes.de

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scleroderma can affect only the skin or multiple organs. This case highlights a rare presentation of morphea with keloidal nodules, histologically resembling a hypertrophic scar.

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Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Scleroderma encompasses a spectrum of conditions, from localized morphea to systemic sclerosis affecting multiple organs.
  • Cutaneous manifestations of scleroderma are diverse, posing diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • A 16-year-old female presented with a 3-4 year history of morpheic lesions.
  • The patient subsequently developed keloidal nodules within the existing morpheic lesions.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination revealed findings consistent with both morphea and a hypertrophic scar.
  • The keloidal nodules were clinically indistinguishable from typical keloids but showed distinct histological features.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of scleroderma's varied clinical and histological presentations.
  • It underscores the importance of thorough histopathological evaluation for accurate diagnosis in complex dermatological cases.