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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

The multiple challenges of obstructive sleep apnea in children: diagnosis

Leila Kheirandish-Gozal1, David Gozal

  • 1Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|November 14, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Diagnosing pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is challenging due to diagnostic uncertainties and limited access to sleep labs. New, validated methods are needed for earlier recognition of this common childhood condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition in children.
  • Diagnostic challenges include clinical uncertainties, evolving phenotypes due to obesity, and limited access to sleep laboratories.
  • These factors contribute to underrecognition and the use of unvalidated empirical treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review inherent problems in diagnosing pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • To propose a novel approach for clinical evaluation and referral of habitually snoring children.
  • To highlight the need for improved diagnostic strategies for pediatric OSA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic tools and challenges in pediatric OSA.
  • Analysis of factors influencing diagnostic uncertainties and clinical presentation.
  • Proposal of a novel approach for clinical evaluation and referral.

Main Results:

  • Current diagnostic tools for pediatric OSA are labor-intensive, burdensome, and unvalidated.
  • Significant underrecognition of pediatric OSA exists due to diagnostic difficulties and limited resources.
  • Empirically driven treatments are often implemented without defined scientific validity or efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Novel diagnostic approaches are essential for pediatric OSA.
  • Linking objective physiological or biological measures to defined outcomes is crucial.
  • Development and validation of new methods will enable wider and earlier recognition of pediatric OSA.
Abstract

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