Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026
07:05
Important Endpoints and Proliferative Markers to Assess Small Intestinal Injury and Adaptation using a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis
Published on: May 12, 2019
Glucagon-like peptide-2 increases mesenteric blood flow in humans
Lasse Bremholm1, Mads Hornum, Birthe Merete Henriksen
1Department of Gastroenterology, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
|November 14, 2008
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) significantly influences mesenteric blood flow, as measured by superior mesenteric artery resistance index. This hormone plays a key role in regulating blood flow, similar to post-meal responses.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Endocrinology
- Physiology
Background:
- Mesenteric blood flow is crucial for nutrient absorption.
- The role of hormones like glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in regulating mesenteric circulation is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of GLP-2 on mesenteric blood flow.
- To determine if GLP-2 influences the resistance index (RI) in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA).
Main Methods:
- Healthy volunteers underwent Doppler ultrasound to measure SMA RI.
- RI was assessed after a standard meal and following intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration of GLP-2 at varying doses.
Main Results:
- IV GLP-2 infusion dose-dependently decreased SMA RI.
- SC GLP-2 administration resulted in a significant reduction in RI.
- Changes in RI after SC GLP-2 were comparable to those observed after a standard meal.
Conclusions:
- GLP-2 administration, both IV and SC, significantly alters mesenteric blood flow.
- An exponential dose-response relationship exists for IV GLP-2.
- GLP-2 is identified as a significant regulator of mesenteric blood flow, mimicking meal-induced effects.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
01:16Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
01:27Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
01:23Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...
01:05Insulin Secretory Vesicles
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...