Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and rotating...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bacterial contamination map of high-touch surfaces in a hospital ophthalmology department: A cross-sectional study.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same author

Simultaneous bilateral NAION following initiation of high-dose semaglutide: a case report.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same author

Beyond the orbit: Odontogenic cellulitis with an unusual retinal complication.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same author

Amyloidosis of the eyelid and conjunctiva.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same author

Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with total bilateral blindness: A 10-year prospective study.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2025
Same author

When perfection becomes a burden: The stress of cataract surgeons.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2025
Same journal

Extra-ocular muscle haematoma masquerading uveal prolapse post blunt trauma to the eye: A case report.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same journal

Multifocal intraocular lenses in refractive lens exchange: Guidelines to optimize their use and indications.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same journal

The effect of pre- and perioperative anxiety on cardiovascular parameters and intraocular pressure of patients awaiting phacoemulsification surgery.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same journal

Management of central corneal opacities using manual and femtosecond laser-assisted rotational anterior lamellar autokeratoplasty: A descriptive case series.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same journal

Evaluation of the anterior hyaloid using intraoperative optical coherence tomography: a key strategy in complex cataract surgery.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
Same journal

Unilateral ocular hypertension secondary to frontal mucocele with orbital extension.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle
10:49

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Published on: June 2, 2018

[Ocular neuromyotonia].

V M Asensio-Sánchez1, I Morales-Gómez, I Rodríguez-Vaca

  • 1Hospital General Medina del Campo, Valladolid, España. victor_asensio@orangemail.es

Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia
|November 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intermittent diplopia, particularly with sustained lateral gaze, may indicate neuromyotonia. This condition involves temporary eye muscle overexcitability and can be partially managed with carbamazepine treatment.

More Related Videos

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram
06:12

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Published on: March 13, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle
10:49

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Published on: June 2, 2018

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram
06:12

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Published on: March 13, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Diplopia is a common neurological symptom.
  • Intermittent diplopia can present diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old man experienced transient episodic diplopia.
  • Symptoms occurred after sustained lateral gaze, lasting 30-50 seconds.
  • A large-angle left exotropia developed transiently during episodes.

Findings:

  • The patient's symptoms resolved spontaneously within 50 seconds.
  • Carbamazepine provided partial symptom resolution.
  • Neuromyotonia was considered as a potential diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Neuromyotonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intermittent diplopia.
  • This case highlights a specific presentation of neuromyotonia.
  • Further investigation into neuromyotonia's ocular manifestations is warranted.