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Updated: Jun 28, 2026
Using Cyclic Voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR, and EPR Spectroelectrochemistry to Analyze Organic Compounds
Published on: October 18, 2018
Electronic structure, molecular electrostatic potential, and NMR chemical shifts in cucurbit[n]urils (n = 5-8),
Rahul V Pinjari1, Shridhar P Gejji
1Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
Abstract:
Electronic structure and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) in ferrocene (FC), cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) with n = 5-8, and their host-guest complexes are obtained within the framework of density functional theory. MESP topography that is employed to gauge the dimensions of the CB[n] cavity estimates that the cavity height increases from 7.25 to 7.70 A along CB[n] homologue series, whereas the diameter of the CB[8] (8.57 A) cavity is larger than twice that of CB[5] (3.91 A). MESP investigations reveal deeper minima near ureido oxygens in CB[5] along with large electron-rich regions at its portal. A lateral interaction of the guest FC with hydrophilic exterior of the CB[n] portal and its encapsulation within hydrophobic cavity of the host are analyzed. The present calculations suggest that CB[5] does not yield stable complexes in either case. FC interacts laterally with CB[6], and inclusion of the guest occurs, both parallel as well as perpendicular to the CB[n] axis, in the cavity of higher homologue. Self-consistent reaction field studies indicate that, in the presence of water as a solvent, encapsulation of FC in parallel fashion is favored within CB[7] and CB[8] cavities. NMR chemical shifts (delta(H)) of CB[n] protons remain practically unchanged with an increase in the cavity size; however, they are influenced significantly by water. The spectra thus obtained in aqueous solution agree with those observed experimentally. The delta(H) values in FC-CB[n] complexes indicate deshielding of FC protons directed toward portals, while those pointing toward nitrogens exhibit up-shifts in the spectra.
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