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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

History and evolution in total ankle arthroplasty.

Nikolaos E Gougoulias¹, Anil Khanna, Nicola Maffulli

¹Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire, UK.

British Medical Bulletin

|November 15, 2008

Summary

Total ankle arthroplasty has evolved significantly, offering a viable treatment for ankle arthritis. While current designs have a 10-12% failure rate at 5 years, surgeon experience improves outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomedical engineering

Background:

The history and evolution of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) are reviewed.
TAA is a treatment option for ankle arthritis.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of the history and evolution of total ankle arthroplasty.
To evaluate current TAA designs, outcomes, and survival rates.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was conducted without language limitations.
Data on biomechanical concepts, design, clinical use, and outcomes were collected from various sources.
Only level IV studies were included.

Main Results:

Mobile-bearing prostheses are prevalent in Europe; fixed-bearing implants in the USA.
Current TAA designs exhibit a 10-12% failure rate at approximately 5 years.
Survival rates vary, with increased surgeon experience correlating with better outcomes.

Conclusions:

Biomechanical insights and analysis of implant failures have driven the development of new TAA generations.
Total ankle arthroplasty is a feasible alternative for managing selected patients with ankle arthritis.