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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
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Published on: October 12, 2017

Bladder dysfunction and vesicoureteral reflux.

Ulla Sillén1

  • 1Pediatric Uronephrologic Center (PUNC), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden. ulla.sillen@vgregion.se

Advances in Urology
|November 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Treating functional bladder disturbances like overactive bladder (OAB) and dysfunctional voiding (DV) in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) has mixed results. Evidence suggests DV negatively impacts VUR resolution, unlike OAB, necessitating further research.

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Real-Time Void Spot Assay
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Real-Time Void Spot Assay
06:39

Real-Time Void Spot Assay

Published on: February 10, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Functional Urology

Background:

  • Functional bladder disturbances, including overactive bladder (OAB) and dysfunctional voiding (DV), are historically linked to pediatric vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
  • Previous assumptions suggested that treating these bladder dysfunctions positively influenced the spontaneous resolution of VUR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on the impact of functional bladder disturbances and their treatments on the resolution of VUR in children.
  • To clarify the relationship between OAB, DV, and VUR resolution rates.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies examining the influence of bladder dysfunction and its treatment on VUR resolution.
  • Analysis of prospective studies, uncontrolled trials, and observational data.

Main Results:

  • Treatment for OAB with anticholinergics did not significantly affect the spontaneous resolution rate of VUR.
  • Most studies indicate that DV and dysfunctional elimination syndrome (DES) negatively impact VUR resolution, regardless of treatment or age.
  • Uncontrolled studies suggest potential short-term VUR resolution with flow biofeedback for DV, but these findings require robust validation.

Conclusions:

  • Voiding phase dysfunctions (DV and DES) are more severe than OAB, associated with higher risks of urinary tract infections and renal damage.
  • Current evidence is insufficient to definitively conclude whether treating bladder dysfunction influences VUR resolution rates in children.
  • Randomized controlled trials are essential to establish the efficacy of treating bladder dysfunction on VUR resolution in pediatric populations.