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Related Concept Videos

Blind Procedures02:07

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

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Comparative study of NOTES alone vs. EUS-guided NOTES procedures.

A Fritscher-Ravens1, A Ghanbari, T Cuming

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Homerton University Hospital, London, UK. fri.rav@btopenworld.com

Endoscopy
|November 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance improves safety and success rates in challenging natural-orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) procedures, particularly for mediastinal access and adrenal gland removal in pigs. However, it offered no benefit for gastrojejunostomy.

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Area of Science:

  • Minimally invasive surgery
  • Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
  • Natural-orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES)

Background:

  • Natural-orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) faces obstacles like transluminal injury and poor orientation.
  • Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance is proposed to mitigate these challenges in NOTES procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the role and effectiveness of EUS guidance in various NOTES procedures.
  • To compare complication rates and technical success between NOTES alone and EUS-guided NOTES.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study involving transesophageal and transgastric NOTES procedures in pigs.
  • Procedures were initially performed using NOTES alone, with EUS guidance added upon encountering major complications.
  • Primary outcome: rate of major complications; secondary outcomes: all complications and technical success.

Main Results:

  • Three major complications (bleeding, organ injury) occurred in 24 NOTES-alone procedures, primarily during mediastinoscopy/thoracoscopy.
  • Adrenal gland removal failed with NOTES alone but succeeded with EUS guidance.
  • EUS guidance facilitated safe mediastinal access and improved adrenal gland removal success, but offered no benefit for gastrojejunostomy.

Conclusions:

  • EUS guidance is beneficial for improving access and structure identification in difficult anatomical regions during NOTES.
  • EUS enhances safety and success for specific NOTES procedures like mediastinal access and adrenalectomy.