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Related Concept Videos

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
03:22

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

Published on: November 10, 2023

[How do I explore...a pleural disease?].

B Duysinx1, J L Corhay, D Nguyen

  • 1Service de Pneumologie, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgique.

Revue Medicale De Liege
|November 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing pleural disease, including malignant pleurisy, is challenging. Positron emission tomography (PET) offers high sensitivity, but invasive procedures like thoracoscopy are often needed for definitive diagnosis.

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A Pleural Effusion Model in Rats by Intratracheal Instillation of Polyacrylate/Nanosilica
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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
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Published on: April 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pleural involvements are common in various respiratory diseases.
  • Conventional imaging lacks specific criteria for pleural malignancy.
  • Etiological diagnosis of pleural disease can be complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of various methods for pleural disease.
  • To highlight the role of metabolic imaging in diagnosing malignant pleurisy.
  • To compare the sensitivity of different diagnostic techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Review of conventional imaging (radiology, ultrasound, CT, MRI).
  • Analysis of metabolic imaging using positron emission tomography (PET).
  • Evaluation of pleural fluid analysis (chemistry, bacteriology, cytology).
  • Assessment of thoracocentesis and pleural blind needle biopsies.
  • Consideration of thoracoscopy for precise diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • PET shows high sensitivity (88.8%-100%) for malignant pleurisy.
  • Pleural fluid analysis contributes significantly but has limitations.
  • Thoracocentesis sensitivity does not exceed 62%.
  • Pleural blind needle biopsy sensitivity is below 51%.
  • Thoracoscopy offers high diagnostic sensitivity (>95%) but is invasive.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advanced diagnostics, over 10% of pleurisies remain undiagnosed.
  • PET imaging is valuable for detecting malignant pleural disease.
  • Invasive procedures like thoracoscopy are crucial for definitive diagnosis when less invasive methods fail.