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Psychological interventions following terrorist attacks.

Irwin J Mansdorf¹

¹Weinberg Institute, 55 Herbert Samuel Street, Hadera 38201, Israel. imansdorf@gmail.com

British Medical Bulletin

|November 18, 2008

Summary

Psychological interventions for terror attacks are debated. While some support multifaceted approaches with social support and first aid, others question the necessity of formal treatment, especially conventional debriefing.

Area of Science:

Psychotraumatology
Disaster Psychology
Mental Health Interventions

Background:

Terrorist attacks elicit a spectrum of psychological reactions, from minimal symptoms to severe posttraumatic stress.
Understanding these reactions is crucial for developing effective support strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically analyze psychological intervention strategies for terrorist attacks.
To review representative studies on post-terror attack psychological responses.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of existing literature on psychological interventions.
Critical analysis of common and disputed intervention components.

Main Results:

Common interventions involve multifaceted models, including social support, psychological first aid, and referral systems.

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The necessity of intervention for all symptomatic individuals is debated.

Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) debriefing is controversial, with intrusive trauma recollection showing questionable value.

Conclusions:

Evidence suggests formal intervention may not always be necessary or desirable.
Conventional debriefing is generally not recommended; refined approaches focusing on resilience are more promising.
Further research is needed to define criteria for intervention and enhance multi-stage intervention mechanisms.