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Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...

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Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato
06:34

Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato

Published on: June 10, 2009

Pol V transcribes to silence.

Lucia Daxinger1, Tatsuo Kanno, Marjori Matzke

  • 1Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.

Cell
|November 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The function of long noncoding RNAs is often unknown. Research in Arabidopsis shows that RNA polymerase V transcribing intergenic regions aids in heterochromatin formation and gene silencing.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Noncoding RNA biology

Background:

  • The biological roles of most long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are poorly understood.
  • Investigating lncRNA function is crucial for advancing our knowledge of gene regulation.

Discussion:

  • Wierzbicki et al. demonstrate a novel function for lncRNA transcription in Arabidopsis.
  • Transcription by RNA polymerase V is implicated in directing epigenetic silencing.
  • This process involves the formation of heterochromatin at specific genomic loci.

Key Insights:

  • Transcription of intergenic noncoding regions by RNA polymerase V is essential for heterochromatin formation.
  • This transcriptional activity leads to the silencing of adjacent genes.
  • Provides a mechanistic link between transcription and epigenetic gene silencing.

Outlook:

  • Further research can explore the broader implications of this mechanism in other plant species.
  • Understanding this pathway could offer new targets for epigenetic engineering in plants.
  • Investigating the interplay between RNA polymerase V and chromatin modifiers is a promising future direction.