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Steroid analysis and doping control 1960-1980: scientific developments and personal anecdotes
1Institute of Biomedical Research, Division of Medical Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK. cshackleton@chori.org
Steroids
|November 18, 2008
Summary
The development of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revolutionized anabolic steroid detection in sports. This technology enabled definitive proof of steroid abuse, leading to athlete disqualifications and stricter doping controls.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Sports Science
- Forensic Toxicology
Background:
- Anabolic steroid abuse in sports lacked definitive proof before advanced analytical techniques.
- Early steroid doping control relied on less sensitive methods.
- The period 1960-1980 saw significant advancements in detection technologies.
Observation:
- Combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and radioimmunoassay emerged as crucial tools.
- Key individuals and research groups pioneered these early developments.
- The first IAAF-sanctioned laboratory for GC/MS steroid analysis was established.
Findings:
- The laboratory successfully disqualified athletes using GC/MS steroid analysis.
- Notable cases included the suspension of an East German female competitor.
- These advancements marked a turning point in athletic doping control.
Implications:
- GC/MS provided definitive proof of anabolic steroid abuse, transforming sports integrity.
- The establishment of dedicated testing facilities by the early 1980s professionalized doping control.
- This era laid the foundation for modern, regimented anti-doping measures.
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