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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

Relapsing Herpes simplex virus encephalitis despite high-dose acyclovir therapy: a case report.

Ilker Devrim¹, Hasan Tezer, Göknur Haliloğlu

¹Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics

|November 19, 2008

Summary

Relapse of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is rare in children. This case highlights that even after initial treatment, HSV can persist, leading to fatal outcomes, suggesting longer therapy durations are needed.

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Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Pediatrics

Background:

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a leading cause of fatal, non-epidemic encephalitis.
Relapse of HSV encephalitis is uncommon, particularly in pediatric cases.

Observation:

A 36-month-old child experienced a relapse of HSV encephalitis 10 days after completing a 14-day acyclovir course.
Despite initial clinical improvement and normalized cerebrospinal fluid, the child presented with fever, seizures, and altered consciousness.

Findings:

The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to death from respiratory failure despite immediate re-initiation of acyclovir.
Suspected risk factors for relapse included short acyclovir duration, potential HSV persistence, and high viral load.

Implications:

This case underscores the potential for HSV encephalitis relapse even with seemingly adequate initial treatment.
A minimum treatment duration of 21 days for HSV encephalitis in young children is recommended.
Further clinical and experimental studies are necessary to optimize treatment protocols for pediatric HSV encephalitis.