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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

The continuity illusion adapts to the auditory scene.

Lars Riecke1, Daniel Mendelsohn, Claudia Schreiner

  • 1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Hearing Research
|November 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Auditory restoration, the brain

Area of Science:

  • Auditory perception
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Auditory scene analysis

Background:

  • The human auditory system can restore interrupted sounds, especially in noisy environments.
  • This auditory restoration may be disadvantageous in quiet environments where interruptions signal important events.
  • Adaptability of auditory restoration to perceptual demands is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if auditory restoration adapts to preceding auditory scenes.
  • To determine if perceived continuity of target sounds and loudness of interrupting sounds influence auditory restoration.
  • To explore the role of non-sensory representations in auditory restoration.

Main Methods:

  • Listeners adapted to tone sweeps (targets) with and without illusory continuity, and interrupting noise.

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Visualizing Visual Adaptation
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Visualizing Visual Adaptation

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Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
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Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

  • Auditory restoration extent was measured after adaptation.
  • Adaptation effects were analyzed in relation to adapted spectra.

    • Main Results:

    • Auditory restoration extent was influenced by the perceived continuity of the target sound.
    • The loudness of the interrupting noise also affected the degree of subsequent restoration.
    • Adaptation effects were independent of spectral changes, suggesting non-sensory involvement.

    Conclusions:

    • Auditory restoration is a dynamic, illusory process.
    • The auditory system recalibrates continuity hearing based on acoustic environments.
    • Non-sensory representations play a role in adapting auditory restoration to perceptual demands.