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Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

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Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
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Published on: February 1, 2019

Antisense makes sense in engineered regenerative medicine.

Yongchang Yao1, Chunming Wang, Rohan R Varshney

  • 1Division of BioEngineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, 637457, Singapore.

Pharmaceutical Research
|November 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Antisense strategies, including oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), show promise in regenerative medicine for treating degenerative diseases. These methods enhance cell viability and function by regulating gene expression.

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Evaluation of Exon Inclusion Induced by Splice Switching Antisense Oligonucleotides in SMA Patient Fibroblasts
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Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
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Evaluation of Exon Inclusion Induced by Splice Switching Antisense Oligonucleotides in SMA Patient Fibroblasts
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Published on: May 11, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Gene Therapy
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Degenerative diseases and tissue injuries pose significant challenges.
  • Antisense strategies offer precise gene expression control.
  • Stem cells and tissue engineering are advancing therapeutic options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review antisense strategies for regenerative medicine.
  • To highlight their role in gene therapy.
  • To focus on applications promoting cell viability and function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on antisense strategies.
  • Analysis of applications in stem cell therapy and tissue engineering.
  • Evaluation of gene silencing mechanisms (ribozymes, ODNs, siRNA).

Main Results:

  • Antisense oligonucleotides effectively down-regulate pathogenic gene expression.
  • These strategies enhance cell viability and regulate cellular functions.
  • Antisense approaches contribute to creating optimal microenvironments for tissue regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Antisense strategies are valuable tools in regenerative medicine.
  • They hold potential for treating degenerative diseases and injuries.
  • Further research can optimize their therapeutic efficacy.