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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

Gene-environment interactions and aging visual function: a classical twin study.

Ruth E Hogg1, Peter N Dimitrov, Mohamed Dirani

  • 1Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Ophthalmology
|November 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors significantly influence cone vision, while environmental factors play a larger role in rod vision and adaptation as we age. This research clarifies the interplay between genes and environment in age-related vision loss.

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

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Published on: July 14, 2016

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07:41

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Published on: October 23, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Normal aging leads to significant vision loss.
  • Understanding the contribution of genetic versus environmental factors is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to age-related visual function decline.
  • To investigate the genetic heritability of cone and rod function.

Main Methods:

  • A classical twin study design was employed.
  • Forty-two twin pairs (monozygotic and dizygotic) aged 57-75 years were assessed.
  • Cone and rod function were evaluated using psychophysical thresholds and adaptation dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Higher intrapair correlations for cone and flicker thresholds in monozygotic twins indicate a strong genetic contribution.
  • Rod absolute thresholds and adaptation recovery rates showed no significant difference between twin types, suggesting environmental influence.
  • Steady-state cone thresholds and flicker thresholds are significantly influenced by genetic factors.

Conclusions:

  • Genes and environment differentially impact retinal neuronal processes and visual function decline with age.
  • Retinal structures related to rod function and adaptation may be modifiable through environmental interventions.
  • Findings support environmental intervention for early-stage age-related macular degeneration, which has multifactorial causes.