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Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis
08:55

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis

Published on: August 7, 2018

Raman spectroscopic characterization of necrotic cell death.

Nagapratima Kunapareddy1, James P Freyer, Judith R Mourant

  • 1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, MS E535, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Optics
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Raman spectroscopy detects biochemical changes in necrotic melanoma cells. This technique reveals altered protein, lipid, and RNA content, suggesting its potential for tumor necrosis detection.

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Live-cell Imaging of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization During Necroptosis
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Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy
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Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy

Published on: May 29, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis
08:55

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis

Published on: August 7, 2018

Live-cell Imaging of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization During Necroptosis
05:30

Live-cell Imaging of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization During Necroptosis

Published on: November 14, 2025

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy
13:48

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy

Published on: May 29, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Spectroscopy
  • Cancer Research
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Necrotic cell death is a hallmark of tumor progression and impacts treatment efficacy.
  • Accurate detection of necrosis is crucial for cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring.
  • Current methods for assessing necrosis can be invasive or lack specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of Raman spectroscopy in quantifying biochemical alterations associated with necrotic cell death.
  • To establish an in vitro model for simulating tumor necrosis using a human malignant melanoma cell line (MEL-28).
  • To compare the spectral profiles of live and necrotic cells to identify distinct biochemical signatures.

Main Methods:

  • Human malignant melanoma cells (MEL-28) were subjected to combined oxygen and glucose deprivation to induce necrosis.
  • Raman spectroscopy was employed to analyze live and dead cells at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-induction.
  • Cellular spectra were quantitatively analyzed by fitting to basis spectra of key biomolecules: protein, lipid, RNA, DNA, and glycogen.

Main Results:

  • Dead cells exhibited a decreased relative content of lipids and RNA compared to live cells.
  • An increased relative protein content was observed in necrotic cells.
  • Spectral analysis revealed conformational changes in proteins and nucleic acids within dead cells.

Conclusions:

  • Raman spectroscopy can effectively differentiate between live and necrotic cells based on their biochemical composition.
  • The observed changes in protein, lipid, and nucleic acid content provide a spectral fingerprint for necrotic cell death.
  • These findings support the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a non-invasive tool for detecting necrotic cell death in tumors.