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Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry
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Published on: December 9, 2025

A validated brow positioning grading scale.

Alastair Carruthers1, Jean Carruthers, Bhushan Hardas

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. alastair@carruthers.net

Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [Et Al.]
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new 5-point scale objectively quantifies eyebrow position for cosmetic concerns. This reliable Brow Positioning Grading Scale aids clinical research and practice in assessing facial aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Aesthetic surgery
  • Facial rejuvenation
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Periorbital aging is a primary concern, with brow position significantly impacting facial appearance.
  • Brow movement and resting position exhibit sex-specific differences, influencing aesthetic preferences.
  • Men often prefer a lower brow, while women typically desire higher, arched brows.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop the Brow Positioning Grading Scale for objective quantification of eyebrow position.
  • To establish the reliability of this photonumeric scale for clinical research and practice.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-point photonumeric rating scale was created to objectively quantify resting eyebrow position.
  • Nine experts rated 35 subjects' photographs twice, comparing them to morphed images.
  • Inter- and intrarater variability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Bivariate scatter plots indicated linear judgment among experts.
  • Acceptable test-retest correlation coefficients were achieved for each expert.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 5-point photonumeric scale effectively covers eyebrow positions commonly addressed in aesthetic correction.
  • The scale demonstrates good stratification for consistent and reliable patient rating.