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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay
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Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay

Published on: May 31, 2024

Chapter 15. Methods to study myeloid cell roles in angiogenesis.

Michael C Schmid1, Judith A Varner

  • 1Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

Methods in Enzymology
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Bone marrow-derived monocytes promote tumor growth by supporting new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). Understanding these myeloid cells offers potential new cancer therapies.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay
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Published on: May 31, 2024

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Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
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Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tumor growth and metastasis rely on neovascularization (new blood vessel growth).
  • Bone marrow-derived cells, particularly monocytes, are increasingly recognized for their role in tumor angiogenesis.
  • Monocytes infiltrate tumors and differentiate into proangiogenic M2 macrophages, promoting vascularization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail experimental methods for investigating myeloid cell roles in tumor growth and angiogenesis.
  • To provide techniques for identifying, isolating, and characterizing bone marrow-derived monocytes.
  • To outline strategies for analyzing the in vivo functions of myeloid cells in tumor angiogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Identification, isolation, and characterization of bone marrow-derived monocytes.
  • In vivo analysis using adoptive transfer and bone marrow transplantation in tumor models.
  • Immunohistochemistry for assessing vessel and myeloid cell markers.
  • In vitro and in vivo characterization of myeloid cell trafficking.

Main Results:

  • Experimental methodologies are presented for studying myeloid cell contributions to tumor angiogenesis.
  • Techniques enable the detailed analysis of monocyte recruitment, differentiation, and function within the tumor microenvironment.
  • The presented methods facilitate the investigation of myeloid cell trafficking and their impact on tumor vascularization.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating the mechanisms by which bone marrow-derived myeloid cells influence tumor angiogenesis is crucial.
  • Characterizing myeloid cell roles provides a foundation for developing novel anti-cancer therapeutic strategies targeting neovascularization.
  • Further research into myeloid cell biology holds promise for innovative cancer treatment approaches.