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Related Concept Videos

Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

Overview
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study
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Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Published on: June 29, 2016

Anti-inflammatory components isolated from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.

Haiyan Dong1, Langchong He, Meng Huang

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, The First affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China. dhy260113@yahoo.com.cn

Natural Product Research
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Five compounds from Atractylodis macrocephalae demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects. These natural compounds effectively reduced swelling and capillary permeability in mouse models, highlighting their therapeutic potential.

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study
11:10

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Published on: June 29, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Atractylodis macrocephalae is a traditional medicinal herb.
  • Its bioactive components warrant investigation for pharmacological activities.
  • Understanding the anti-inflammatory properties of its extracts is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and identify compounds from Atractylodis macrocephalae.
  • To evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of isolated compounds.
  • To report novel spectroscopic data for specific compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of Atractylodis macrocephalae using petroleum ether-ether.
  • Separation and isolation using cell membrane chromatography (CMC), column chromatography (CC), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • Identification of compounds using routine spectrometric methods, including NMR spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Five compounds were isolated and identified: atractylenolide III (1), atractylenolide I (2), and three novel triene-diyne-ol derivatives (3, 4, 5).
  • New (13)C-NMR data were reported for compounds 3 and 4, and complete data for compound 5.
  • All five isolated compounds showed significant inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema and acetic acid-induced peritoneal capillary permeability in mice.

Conclusions:

  • The isolated compounds from Atractylodis macrocephalae possess notable anti-inflammatory activity.
  • These findings support the traditional use of Atractylodis macrocephalae and suggest potential for new anti-inflammatory drug development.
  • Novel spectroscopic data were successfully obtained for previously unreported chemical entities.