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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes

Published on: May 20, 2011

A method for determining critical swimming velocity.

S Takahashi¹, K Wakayoshi, A Hayashi

¹Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo Unversity, Toyota, Japan. shigehirot@aol.com

International Journal of Sports Medicine

|November 22, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The critical swimming velocity (Vcri) in breaststroke can be accurately estimated using a single 300-meter maximal effort test. This method provides a reliable Vcri prediction for assessing swimmers' maximal lactate steady state (MLSS).

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Exercise Physiology
Swimming Performance Analysis

Background:

Determining a swimmer's maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) is crucial for training.
Critical swimming velocity (Vcri) is a common metric, but its estimation accuracy needs validation for specific strokes like breaststroke.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if the critical swimming velocity (Vcri) estimated from a 300m maximal effort breaststroke test accurately reflects the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS).

Main Methods:

Twelve trained swimmers performed maximal effort 50m, 300m, and 2000m swims to determine Vcri.
Vcri was predicted (Vcri-pred) by adjusting the 300m velocity by 90.5%.
MLSS was assessed via 2000m breaststroke swims at 98%, 100%, and 102% of Vcri-pred, with blood lactate measurements.

Main Results:

The 300m maximal effort test yielded a Vcri averaging 1.167 +/- 0.045 m/s.
At 100% Vcri-pred, blood lactate concentration reached a higher steady state compared to slower velocities.
A steady state was not achieved at velocities exceeding 100% Vcri-pred.

Conclusions:

A single 300-meter maximal effort swimming test can accurately estimate critical swimming velocity (Vcri) for breaststroke.
This validated Vcri estimation method can be used to predict MLSS in trained swimmers.
The findings offer a practical and efficient tool for swim performance assessment.