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Related Experiment Videos

Tumour necrosis factor increases hepatic cell mass.

K Mealy1, D W Wilmore

  • 1Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

The British Journal of Surgery
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) significantly increased liver mass and cellularity in rats. This hepatic hyperplasia, driven by increased hepatocyte cell division, is part of the host’s response to injury.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) plays a role in inflammatory and immune responses.
  • The impact of TNF on liver cellularity, particularly in the context of nutritional support, requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of TNF on hepatic cellularity in rats receiving total parenteral nutrition.
  • To determine if TNF administration leads to an increase in liver cell number and mass.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats were infused with varying doses of TNF-alpha or saline for 1, 3, or 6 days.
  • Liver weights, nitrogen content, DNA, protein, and hepatocyte mitosis rates were measured.
  • Histological examination was performed to assess inflammatory infiltrates.

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Main Results:

  • TNF infusion significantly increased liver weight, nitrogen content, DNA, and protein levels.
  • Increased hepatocyte mitosis rates were observed in a dose- and time-dependent manner with TNF administration.
  • No significant inflammatory infiltrate was detected, suggesting TNF-induced hyperplasia rather than inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • TNF administration leads to hepatic hyperplasia by increasing hepatocyte cell number through enhanced mitosis.
  • TNF-induced hepatic hyperplasia is a component of the integrated host response to injury and infection.
  • These findings highlight a novel role for TNF in modulating liver regeneration and growth.