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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...

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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Gleaning multicomponent T1 and T2 information from steady-state imaging data.

Sean C L Deoni1, Brian K Rutt, Tarunya Arun

  • 1Centre for Neuroimaging Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London UK. sdeoni@mac.com

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|November 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces multicomponent driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T(1)/T(2) (mcDESPOT), a novel MRI technique. mcDESPOT enables rapid, whole-brain quantification of multicomponent relaxation times in vivo, crucial for understanding neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysical Measurement

Background:

  • Conventional MRI techniques like DESPOT1/DESPOT2 assume single-component relaxation.
  • Biological tissues, especially white and gray matter, exhibit multi-component relaxation.
  • Voxelwise, whole-brain multi-component analysis is limited by long acquisition times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend DESPOT1/DESPOT2 methods for multicomponent relaxation analysis.
  • To develop a technique for rapid, voxelwise, whole-brain multicomponent T(1) and T(2) quantification.
  • To assess the potential of this new method for neurodegenerative disease research.

Main Methods:

  • Development and numerical analysis of multicomponent driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T(1)/T(2) (mcDESPOT).
  • In vivo whole-brain T(1) and T(2) quantification using mcDESPOT.
  • Acquisition times optimized to be clinically realistic (16-30 minutes).

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of whole-brain multicomponent T(1) and T(2) quantification in vivo.
  • mcDESPOT achieved quantification within clinically realistic scan times.
  • Feasibility shown in both healthy individuals and patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • mcDESPOT overcomes limitations of single-component relaxation models in MRI.
  • The technique offers potential for improved characterization of tissue changes in neurodegenerative conditions.
  • mcDESPOT shows promise for assessing white matter alterations in diseases like MS.