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Published on: September 23, 2022
Immunization rates in a Canadian juvenile corrections facility
Leah Bartlett1, Marina Kanellos-Sutton, Richard van Wylick
1Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. vanwylir@hdh.kari.net
Summary
Many adolescents in Canadian juvenile detention lack essential vaccines, increasing health risks. Targeted immunization programs significantly improved vaccination rates in these facilities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Adolescent Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Youth in correctional facilities have high rates of medical issues and risky behaviors.
- Assessing immunization status is crucial for this vulnerable population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunization status of adolescents admitted to a juvenile detention facility in Kingston, Ontario.
- To determine the impact of an in-facility immunization program on vaccination completion rates.
Main Methods:
- Chart review of 148 youths (ages 12-17) admitted to an adolescent custody facility between January 2003 and October 2005.
- Analysis of immunization records against National Advisory Committee on Immunizations guidelines.
Main Results:
- 73% of adolescents had incomplete immunizations.
- Significant deficits were observed for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (49%), meningococcus (33%), and hepatitis B (37%) vaccines.
- In-facility immunization efforts raised complete immunization rates from 27% to 65%.
Conclusions:
- Adolescents in juvenile detention exhibit a high prevalence of incomplete immunizations.
- There is a need for improved immunization record-keeping and consistent vaccine delivery in these settings.
- On-site immunization programs are effective in improving vaccination coverage for detained youth.
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