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Related Concept Videos

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Inheritance

Gregor Mendel's pioneering work on the principles of inheritance fundamentally transformed our understanding of how traits are transmitted from generation to generation. His experiments with pea plants laid the groundwork for the discovery of genes, discrete units within organisms that control heredity.
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...

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Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
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Genomic imprinting effects on complex traits: a phenotype-based perspective.

Jason B Wolf1, Reinmar Hager, James M Cheverud

  • 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. jason@evolutionarygenetics.org

Epigenetics
|November 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative genetic mapping reveals imprinted loci affecting complex traits by analyzing parent-of-origin gene expression differences. This phenotype-based approach efficiently scans the genome for genomic imprinting patterns and mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genomic imprinting involves parent-of-origin dependent gene expression, leading to observable phenotypic differences in heterozygotes.
  • This phenomenon is crucial for understanding complex traits and genetic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the utility of quantitative genetic mapping for identifying imprinted loci.
  • To investigate the diverse phenotypic consequences and imprinting patterns associated with these loci.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing quantitative genetic mapping to exploit phenotypic differences arising from genomic imprinting.
  • Performing genome-wide scans to detect imprinted loci and their effects.

Main Results:

  • Successfully identified putatively imprinted loci affecting complex traits through phenotype-based mapping.
  • Characterized various imprinting patterns, including partial imprinting and polar overdominance.
  • Demonstrated the ability to detect alternative mechanisms of imprinted expression.

Conclusions:

  • Phenotype-based quantitative mapping is a powerful tool for advancing the study of genomic imprinting.
  • This approach facilitates the identification of pleiotropic effects and complex imprinting mechanisms.
  • Integration with other methods can further enhance our understanding of genomic imprinting.