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Related Concept Videos

Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:

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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
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Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis syndrome.

Hugh-James Freeman1

  • 1Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), University of British Columbia Hospital, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver V6T 1W5, Canada. hugfree@shaw.ca

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|November 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Sigmoid colonic segment associated with diverticular disease (SCAD) is a distinct disorder often seen in older adults with rectal bleeding. Many patients improve with 5-aminosalicylate treatment, while some cases resolve spontaneously.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Diseases
  • Inflammatory Conditions

Background:

  • Sigmoid colonic segment associated with diverticular disease (SCAD) is recognized as a distinct clinical and pathological entity.
  • This condition typically affects older adults and may present with rectal bleeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical and pathological features of SCAD.
  • To understand the resolution patterns and potential molecular underpinnings of this colonic inflammatory process.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and endoscopic findings in patients with SCAD.
  • Analysis of treatment responses, including 5-aminosalicylate therapy and spontaneous resolution.
  • Histopathological examination of sigmoid colonic mucosa.

Main Results:

  • SCAD presents as a non-specific inflammatory process localized to the sigmoid colon.
  • A significant portion of patients respond to 5-aminosalicylate treatment, while others experience spontaneous resolution.
  • Endoscopic and histological resolution to normal mucosa is possible, with most patients exhibiting a benign clinical course despite potential recurrent episodes.

Conclusions:

  • SCAD represents a unique inflammatory colonic disorder with a generally favorable prognosis.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of SCAD resolution is crucial for comprehending self-limiting inflammatory processes in the colon.
  • Further research into the molecular events of SCAD may offer insights into resolving colonic inflammation.