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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...

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Microscopic polyangiitis: a rare ANCA-associated small-vessel vasculitis.

Muhammad Farooq1, Arfan-ul-Bari

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital, Muzaffarabad.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|November 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) is a rare autoimmune disease. This case highlights a delayed diagnosis in a child with skin lesions, emphasizing the need for early recognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) is a systemic autoimmune vasculitis affecting small blood vessels.
  • It is characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing inflammation without granulomas.
  • MPA can present with diverse symptoms due to multi-organ involvement.

Observation:

  • This report details a pediatric case of MPA.
  • The patient presented with multiple cutaneous vasculitic lesions and arthralgia.
  • Diagnosis was significantly delayed, occurring four years after symptom onset.

Findings:

  • Cutaneous manifestations are infrequent in MPA but can be presenting signs.
  • Delayed diagnosis in pediatric vasculitis can lead to prolonged morbidity.
  • Systemic symptoms may evolve over time, complicating initial assessment.

Implications:

  • Early recognition of subtle signs like skin lesions is crucial for timely MPA diagnosis in children.
  • Increased awareness among clinicians can improve diagnostic timelines for pediatric vasculitis.
  • Prompt management of MPA is essential to prevent long-term organ damage and improve patient outcomes.