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Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult01:21

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)
04:56

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)

Published on: July 14, 2023

Birth asphyxia survivors in a developing country.

D R Halloran1, E McClure, H Chakraborty

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA. dhallor2@slu.edu

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|November 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Birth asphyxia affects nearly a quarter of neonatal intensive care unit survivors in developing nations. These infants show a significantly higher risk of abnormal neurologic examinations, highlighting the need for further research into long-term disabilities.

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A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation
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A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation

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The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)
04:56

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)

Published on: July 14, 2023

A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation
10:55

A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation

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The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Birth asphyxia is a significant contributor to neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide.
  • Understanding the incidence and early outcomes of birth asphyxia in developing countries is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the baseline incidence of birth asphyxia among neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) survivors in a developing country.
  • To assess the early neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants diagnosed with birth asphyxia.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • Data were collected over a 4-week period at the University of Zambia NICU follow-up clinic.
  • Diagnostic and examination findings were recorded for all infants.

Main Results:

  • A clinical diagnosis of birth asphyxia was identified in 42 (23%) of the 182 infants studied.
  • Infants with birth asphyxia had a higher likelihood of abnormal neurologic examinations (31% vs. 9%).
  • The odds ratio for an abnormal neurologic examination in birth asphyxia survivors was 4.4 (95% CI: 1.8, 10.4).

Conclusions:

  • Birth asphyxia survivors represent a substantial proportion (nearly 25%) of NICU survivors in this developing country setting.
  • These survivors are disproportionately represented among those with abnormal neurologic findings.
  • Further research is warranted to quantify the long-term motor and cognitive disabilities in birth asphyxia survivors.