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Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Published on: October 25, 2013

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus: a review from a Singapore perspective.

Maciej Piotr Chlebicki¹, Asok Kurup

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. pchlebicki@hotmail.com

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore

|November 28, 2008

Summary

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) infections are a growing concern for immunocompromised patients. Comprehensive control programs, including surveillance and strict infection control, are essential to limit VRE spread in healthcare settings.

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Published on: October 25, 2013

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Microbiology
Public Health

Background:

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) poses a significant threat, causing severe infections in vulnerable, immunocompromised individuals.
VRE has transitioned from sporadic occurrences to established infections within healthcare institutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize current data on the epidemiology, detection, treatment, and prevention of VRE.
To highlight the increasing prevalence and established nature of VRE in healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

Review of current data on VRE epidemiology.
Summary of VRE detection, treatment, and prevention strategies.
Analysis of VRE transmission routes.

Main Results:

VRE was first identified in Singapore in 1994, with outbreaks in 2004 and 2005 leading to its establishment in hospitals.
Studies indicate that healthcare workers' contaminated hands, cloths, and equipment are primary VRE transmission vectors.
VRE has become endemic in healthcare institutions.

Conclusions:

Limiting VRE spread requires a comprehensive program encompassing active surveillance, patient isolation, strict infection control, and antimicrobial stewardship.
New strategies like pre-emptive isolation in high-risk units and molecular detection techniques warrant consideration.
Continuous monitoring of infection control compliance is crucial.