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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of different...
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles
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Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles

Published on: March 2, 2020

Complex coacervate core micelles.

Ilja K Voets1, Arie de Keizer, Martien A Cohen Stuart

  • 1Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science
|November 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores the co-assembly of neutral-ionic copolymers with oppositely charged species, forming complex coacervate core/polyion complex/block ionomer complex/interpolyelectrolyte complex micelles (C3Ms). It covers their formation, structure, dynamics, properties, and applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Neutral-ionic block, graft, and random copolymers can self-assemble with oppositely charged species.
  • These co-assemblies form complex structures like micelles and vesicles in aqueous solutions.
  • The review focuses on experimental findings, excluding theoretical modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on co-assembly of neutral-ionic copolymers.
  • To discuss the formation, structure, dynamics, properties, and function of the resulting complex structures.
  • To highlight recent advancements in applications and heterogeneous corona micelles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental studies on copolymer co-assembly.
  • Analysis of structures formed with various oppositely charged species (synthetic polymers, biopolymers, ions, nanoparticles, etc.).
  • Focus on the characterization of complex coacervate core/polyion complex/block ionomer complex/interpolyelectrolyte complex micelles (C3Ms) and vesicles (C3Vs).

Main Results:

  • Co-assembly leads to the formation of complex micelles and vesicles (C3Ms/C3Vs).
  • Diverse species, including synthetic polymers, biopolymers, ions, and nanoparticles, participate in co-assembly.
  • The review details the formation, structure, dynamics, properties, and functions of these complex assemblies.

Conclusions:

  • Co-assembly of neutral-ionic copolymers with charged species is a versatile route to complex nanostructures.
  • These structures exhibit tunable properties and diverse applications.
  • Recent developments focus on heterogeneous coronas and practical applications of C3Ms.