Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy: The Thessaloniki Eye Study.

Eye (London, England)·2026
Same author

Vision Impairment, Insurance Coverage, and Out-of-Pocket Spending.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Baseline risk factors for the development of open-angle glaucoma in a 12-year glaucoma incidence study: the Thessaloniki Eye Study.

The British journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Associations between obesity, metabolic syndrome and glaucoma in the National Institutes of Health 'All of Us' research programme.

The British journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Geographical barriers to surgical treatment for cataract among California Medicare beneficiaries.

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery·2026
Same author

Cardiovascular Risk and Eye Health: A Cohort Study of the Pooled Cohort Equations and Ocular Disease Incidence.

Ophthalmology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis
13:47

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis

Published on: June 3, 2018

Risk factors for glaucoma onset and progression.

Anne L Coleman1, Stefano Miglior

  • 1Frances and Ray Stark Professor of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Identifying open-angle glaucoma risk factors is crucial for early detection. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the primary modifiable risk factor for developing and progressing open-angle glaucoma.

More Related Videos

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
08:55

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments

Published on: April 24, 2020

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis
13:47

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis

Published on: June 3, 2018

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
08:55

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments

Published on: April 24, 2020

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Epidemiology
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.
  • Understanding risk, predictive, and prognostic factors is essential for managing OAG.
  • Distinguishing these factors aids in targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current evidence on risk factors for OAG development in healthy eyes.
  • To identify predictive determinants for OAG development in ocular hypertensive individuals.
  • To outline prognostic factors for OAG progression in diagnosed patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of longitudinal population-based epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of prospectively planned clinical trials and cohort studies.
  • Synthesis of data to identify consistent risk, predictive, and prognostic factors.

Main Results:

  • Risk factors for OAG in healthy eyes: older age, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and family history.
  • Predictive factors for OAG in ocular hypertension: older age, thin central corneal thickness, high cup-to-disk ratio, and high pattern standard deviation.
  • Prognostic factors for OAG progression: older age, higher baseline IOP, thin central corneal thickness, and possibly diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) is the sole consistently identified modifiable factor for OAG.
  • Further research is needed on other potential modifiable factors like IOP fluctuation and nutritional status.
  • A calculator exists to assess 5-year OAG risk in ocular hypertensive patients.