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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Related Experiment Video

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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

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Published on: June 30, 2014

Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: methods and prevalence from the GEDMA Study.

J Olazarán1, I Cruz, J Benito-León

  • 1Neurology Clinic, Hermanos Sangro Specialist Medical Centre, Madrid, Spain.

European Neurology
|November 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new screening tool effectively identifies cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The single-task approach demonstrated higher accuracy in detecting impairment, highlighting MS heterogeneity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Cognitive dysfunction significantly impacts individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Prevalence estimates for cognitive impairment in MS vary due to disease heterogeneity and methodological inconsistencies.
  • A tailored neuropsychological battery was developed to screen for cognitive deficits in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a purpose-designed neuropsychological battery for screening cognitive dysfunction in MS patients.
  • To compare two diagnostic approaches: one based on the number of failed tasks and another on a global score.

Main Methods:

  • Administered a battery of 11 tests (verbal fluency, learning, attention, calculation, visuoperceptual ability) to 191 MS patients and 50 controls.
  • Selected tests based on sensitivity and minimal redundancy.
  • Compared diagnostic accuracy using a task-failure count versus a standardized global score.

Main Results:

  • The task-failure approach showed superior discrimination between MS patients and controls compared to the global score.
  • A prevalence of 34% cognitive dysfunction was identified using a cutoff of two altered scores.
  • Summing errors across all tests proved effective for identifying minimally impaired patients.

Conclusions:

  • The developed battery is suitable for screening cognitive dysfunction in MS.
  • The superior accuracy of the single-task approach may be attributed to the heterogeneous nature of MS.