[Growing pains in children]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Musculoskeletal Health
• Childhood Pain Syndromes

Context:

• Growing pains represent the most frequent cause of recurrent musculoskeletal pain in children.
• Affecting 10-20% of pediatric population, predominantly between 3-12 years of age.
• Diagnosis relies on clinical history and a normal physical examination.

Purpose:

• To review the current understanding of growing pains etiology and management.
• To explore contributing factors including pain thresholds, biomechanics, and behavioral elements.
• To emphasize conservative treatment strategies focused on patient and parental education.

Summary:

• Etiology remains unclear, with theories pointing to low pain thresholds (similar to fibromyalgia) and local overuse.
• Evidence suggests low bone strength in affected areas and hypermobility in children with growing pains.
• Familial and behavioral factors are also implicated in the condition's presentation.

Impact:

• Highlights the benign nature of growing pains, aiming to reduce patient and parental anxiety.
• Provides insights into potential underlying mechanisms, guiding future research.
• Underscores the importance of conservative management and education for effective care.