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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...

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A Modified Murine Heterotopic Heart Transplant Protocol Matching Contemporary Standards of Aseptic Technique, Anesthesia, and Analgesia
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Making it work: setting up a regional anesthesia program that provides value.

Edward R Mariano1

  • 1Division of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San Diego Medical Center, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103-8770, USA. ermariano@ucsd.edu

Anesthesiology Clinics
|December 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implementing regional anesthesia services, including peripheral nerve blocks, enhances patient recovery and reduces hospital stays. Specialized training is crucial for advanced techniques like ultrasound guidance, improving postoperative pain management.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
  • Surgical Patient Care

Background:

  • Regional anesthesia offers significant advantages for patients, surgical facilities, and hospitals.
  • There is a lack of evidence-based guidelines for establishing new peripheral nerve block services.
  • Implementing regional anesthesia programs can improve postoperative analgesia and patient recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the benefits of establishing a regional anesthesia service.
  • To emphasize the need for specialized training in advanced regional anesthesia techniques.
  • To inform the development of best practices for regional anesthesia programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of benefits associated with regional anesthesia and peripheral nerve blocks.
  • Discussion of requirements for advanced techniques, including ultrasound guidance and continuous nerve blockade.
  • Emphasis on the importance of interprofessional communication in perioperative care.

Main Results:

  • Regional anesthesia improves postoperative pain management and recovery.
  • Advanced techniques like ultrasound-guided nerve blocks require specialized training.
  • A successful regional anesthesia service can reduce recovery times and hospital admission durations.
  • Effective communication among perioperative teams is vital for successful implementation.

Conclusions:

  • Regional anesthesia services provide substantial value to healthcare systems.
  • Specialized training and clear guidelines are essential for optimal outcomes.
  • Successful regional anesthesia programs enhance patient care and operational efficiency.