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Related Concept Videos

Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

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The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in...
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Bone Markings01:26

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Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
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Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Femoral Bone Marrow Aspiration in Live Mice
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When the gut talks to bone.

Fanxin Long1

  • 1Department of Medicine and Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63131, USA. flong@wustl.edu

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|December 2, 2008
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mutations in LRP5 cause osteoporosis pseudoglioma. A new study suggests LRP5 regulates bone mass indirectly via gut serotonin synthesis, challenging the Wnt signaling hypothesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Bone Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Osteoporosis pseudoglioma is linked to mutations in LRP5, a gene crucial for Wnt signaling.
  • LRP5 is traditionally viewed as a key regulator of bone mass through Wnt pathways in bone cells.

Discussion:

  • Yadav et al. (2008) present evidence challenging the direct role of LRP5-mediated Wnt signaling in bone mass regulation.
  • The study proposes an alternative mechanism where LRP5 influences bone density indirectly.

Key Insights:

  • LRP5's function in bone mass may be mediated by its impact on serotonin production within the gastrointestinal tract.
  • This finding suggests a novel gut-bone axis influencing skeletal health.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms connecting gut serotonin, LRP5, and bone metabolism.
  • This discovery opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting osteoporosis and related bone disorders.