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Optimizing a Thomson scattering diagnostic for fast dynamics and high background.

R O'Connell1, D J Den Hartog, M T Borchardt

  • 1University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

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|December 3, 2008
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thomson scattering (TS) measurements on the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) were enhanced to overcome challenging plasma conditions. New data analysis techniques accurately measure electron temperatures up to 10 keV despite high background light and rapid plasma changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Fusion Energy Research
  • Diagnostic Techniques

Background:

  • The Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) operates as a reversed-field pinch (RFP) plasma device with low electron density (<3x10^13 cm^-3).
  • MST plasmas exhibit challenging conditions for Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics, including high background light from wall interactions and significant fluctuations during sawtooth events.
  • Existing TS systems were limited in temperature resolution (2 keV), necessitating upgrades for higher energy measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the Thomson scattering (TS) system on the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) for accurate electron temperature measurements under challenging RFP plasma conditions.
  • To develop robust data analysis methods capable of handling large dynamic ranges, fast temporal variations, and high background noise.
  • To improve the understanding of plasma dynamics, including reconnection events and improved confinement regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Upgraded the TS system by increasing spectral channels in polychromators to extend temperature measurement capability to 10 keV.
  • Developed advanced data analysis techniques, including a response-function method to reduce uncertainty and robust numerical methods (chi^2 minimization with Levenberg-Marquardt and Monte Carlo, Bayesian statistics).
  • Implemented methods to specifically address and mitigate the impact of high background light and fast plasma dynamics on measurement accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extended the electron temperature measurement range of the TS system to 10 keV.
  • Achieved a factor of 2 reduction in measurement uncertainty using the response-function method.
  • Developed highly robust numerical techniques capable of analyzing data from both standard and improved confinement plasmas with varying background light and temperature profiles.
  • The Bayesian method provides probability distributions for photons and electron temperature, enabling ensemble data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The upgraded TS system and advanced data analysis methods provide reliable electron temperature measurements in the challenging MST RFP environment.
  • The developed techniques are crucial for studying fast plasma dynamics, reconnection events, and improved confinement regimes in fusion devices.
  • Future integrated data analysis efforts will benefit from the probabilistic output of the Bayesian method.