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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA) Protocol for Biomarker Studies
09:32

A Next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA) Protocol for Biomarker Studies

Published on: September 23, 2014

Validation of tissue microarray technology in vulvar cancer.

Guus Fons1, Jacobus van der Velden, Matthe Burger

  • 1Department of Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. g.fons@amc.uva.nl

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology : Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists
|December 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Tissue microarray (TMA) validation for vulvar cancer shows reliable results for most markers, except Caspase-3. TMA is a reproducible method for immunohistochemical staining in vulvar cancer research.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Tissue microarray (TMA) is a method for high-throughput molecular analysis.
  • Validating TMA for specific cancers like vulvar cancer is crucial for reliable research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the use of TMA for vulvar cancer research.
  • To compare immunohistochemical staining results from TMA with full section analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed TMA with triplicate core biopsies from 40 vulvar cancer patients.
  • Performed immunohistochemical staining for COX-2, Caspase-3, EGFR, p16INK4, Cyclin D1, and Ki67 on both TMA and whole slides.
  • Applied two scoring systems for COX-2 and calculated agreement using kappa statistics.

Main Results:

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Manual Construction of a Tissue Microarray using the Tape Method and a Handheld Microarrayer
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Manual Construction of a Tissue Microarray using the Tape Method and a Handheld Microarrayer

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA) Protocol for Biomarker Studies
09:32

A Next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA) Protocol for Biomarker Studies

Published on: September 23, 2014

Manual Construction of a Tissue Microarray using the Tape Method and a Handheld Microarrayer
12:03

Manual Construction of a Tissue Microarray using the Tape Method and a Handheld Microarrayer

Published on: June 10, 2022

  • Good reliability (kappa 0.68-0.75) for Ki-67, p16INK4, COX-2, Cyclin D1, and EGFR.
  • Slight agreement (kappa 0.40) for Caspase-3.
  • Agreement varied based on protein distribution and scoring system, with one COX-2 scoring system yielding poor results (kappa 0.21).

Conclusions:

  • TMA is a reliable method for validating most immunohistochemical markers in vulvar cancer.
  • Caspase-3 shows poor reproducibility on TMA.
  • The choice of scoring system significantly impacts agreement for markers like COX-2.