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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

Ruminative thought style and depressed mood.

Jay K Brinker¹, David J A Dozois

¹University of Western Ontario, Canada. jay.brinker@anu.edu.au

Journal of Clinical Psychology

|December 3, 2008

Summary

The Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTS) offers a broader measure of rumination, distinct from the Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ). RTS predicts future depressed mood, unlike the RSQ, suggesting a more comprehensive assessment of rumination.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

The Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ) is a common measure of rumination.
Existing measures may be biased by depressive symptoms, limiting research scope.
A broader conceptualization of rumination is needed, including diverse thought content and orientation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a new, psychometrically sound measure of rumination: the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTS).
To assess if the RTS captures a broader range of ruminative thoughts (positive, negative, neutral, past, future-oriented).
To investigate the relationship between the RTS, the RSQ, and mood over time.

Main Methods:

Development and psychometric evaluation of the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTS).
Factor analysis and internal consistency checks for the RTS.
Longitudinal diary study examining rumination (RTS and RSQ) and mood.

Main Results:

The RTS is a single-factor scale with high internal consistency, supporting a broad conceptualization of rumination.
RTS scores predicted future depressed mood, independent of initial mood.
RSQ scores did not predict future depressed mood beyond initial mood levels.
RTS and RSQ measure related but distinct constructs.

Conclusions:

The RTS provides a more comprehensive and less biased measure of rumination compared to the RSQ.
The RTS is a valuable tool for research on rumination and its relationship with mood.
Future research should utilize the RTS to explore the multifaceted nature of rumination.