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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles01:30

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...

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Knotless Independent Double-Row Repair and Biceps Augmentation for Anterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears
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A case report on accessory brachialis muscle.

Rajanigandha Vadgaonkar1, Rajalakshmi Rai, Anu V Ranade

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. rajalakshmirai@yahoo.co.in

Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology = Revue Roumaine De Morphologie Et Embryologie
|December 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A rare accessory brachialis muscle variation formed a tunnel, compressing nerves and vessels. This anatomical anomaly, the accessory brachialis muscle (acBr), impacts clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Human Morphology
  • Clinical Anatomy

Background:

  • Supernumerary heads or slips of the brachialis (anticus) muscle represent striking anatomical variations.
  • Anomalies of the brachialis muscle are infrequently documented in scientific literature.

Observation:

  • A unique case of an accessory brachialis muscle (acBr) was identified.
  • The acBr blended with the medial intermuscular septum, creating a fibro-muscular tunnel in the distal arm.

Findings:

  • This tunnel enclosed the median nerve, brachial artery, and small nerve twigs.
  • The median nerve innervated brachial flexors due to the absence of the musculocutaneous nerve.

Implications:

  • The close proximity to the neurovascular bundle suggests a role in compression syndromes.
  • Understanding this anatomical variation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective clinical management.