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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex
Published on: July 4, 2018
Elizabeth Ashley1, Jamie Given
1The Heart Hospital, 16-18 Westmoreland Street, London W1G 8PH. e.ashley@uclh.nhs.uk
Managing pain in critically ill patients is challenging. Difficulties in pain assessment, especially in ventilated and sedated individuals, hinder effective pain management strategies.
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