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Related Concept Videos

Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
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The term desmosome derives from the Greek words "desmo" and "soma" meaning "adhesion bodies." This structure was first observed during the late 1800s and described as small, dense nodules in the epidermis. Desmosomes are button-like structures that help form an interlinked network of intermediate filaments across the cells. These junctions are  essential to hold cells together under mechanical stress and to maintain tissue integrity. Desmosomes are multi-protein complexes comprising desmosomal...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
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Skin Cancer

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
05:39

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Deciphering spongiotic dermatitides.

Kapil Gupta1

  • 1Dermatology Group of the Carolinas, Concord, NC 28025, USA. kaagupta@yahoo.com

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
|December 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spongiotic dermatitis diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping histology. Subtle features in pathology reports can help differentiate conditions, improving patient management.

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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Spongiotic dermatitis is a common, nonspecific reaction pattern in skin biopsies.
  • Histologic overlap among various spongiotic dermatitides often limits differential diagnoses.
  • Sampling errors and lesion evolution can further complicate accurate diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight subtle histologic features of spongiotic dermatitis.
  • To aid histomorphologists in narrowing diagnostic possibilities.
  • To improve the accuracy of differential diagnoses for spongiotic dermatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed examination of the spongiotic reaction pattern.
  • Analysis of ancillary inflammatory elements.
  • Identification of subtle, pathognomonic histologic clues.

Main Results:

  • Recognized subtle histologic variations within the spongiotic pattern.
  • Demonstrated how ancillary inflammatory infiltrates can aid diagnosis.
  • Provided a framework for differentiating overlapping spongiotic dermatitides.

Conclusions:

  • Subtle histologic details are crucial for accurate spongiotic dermatitis diagnosis.
  • Identifying these features refines differential diagnoses, aiding clinical management.
  • This approach enhances diagnostic precision in challenging cases.