Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism
Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Transdisciplinary Expert Statement: care guide for people severely affected by ME/CFS in home-based care].

Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)·2026
Same author

Pre-cheliceral region patterning in a spider provides new insights into the development and evolution of arthropod neurosecretory centres.

Open biology·2026
Same author

Rewired gene interactions during evolution of the analia and genitalia in Drosophila.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Assessing the Impact of Whole Genome Duplication on Gene Expression and Regulation During Arachnid Development.

Genome biology and evolution·2025
Same author

Developmental biology: Evolution of bicoid ahead of time.

Current biology : CB·2025
Same author

Development and patterning of a highly versatile visual system in spiders.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2025
Same journal

Daily briefing: 'Cyborg' cockroaches breathe underwater with printed suit.

Nature·2026
Same journal

China boosts prestigious grants for young scientists - will it ease competition?

Nature·2026
Same journal

Incoming US science academy chief vows to 'double down' on research.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Synthesis of enantioenriched atropisomers by biocatalytic deracemization.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Electrodeposited self-assembled molecules for perovskite photovoltaics.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Neutrino's nursery found: the 'Shadow Blaster'.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Quantitative Fitness Analysis Workflow
11:39

A Quantitative Fitness Analysis Workflow

Published on: August 13, 2012

Pleiotropic scaling and QTL data.

Joachim Hermisson1, Alistair P McGregor

  • 1Fakultät für Mathematik and Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Nordbergstr. 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria. joachim.hermisson@univie.ac.at

Nature
|December 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New research on genotype-phenotype maps suggests mutations with higher pleiotropy have larger effects. However, this finding may be biased by QTL regions containing multiple mutations, contradicting prior models.

More Related Videos

QTL Mapping and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing to Identify a Drug Resistance Gene in Toxoplasma gondii
11:37

QTL Mapping and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing to Identify a Drug Resistance Gene in Toxoplasma gondii

Published on: June 22, 2017

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies (Mo-GWAS): Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
08:27

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies (Mo-GWAS): Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Quantitative Fitness Analysis Workflow
11:39

A Quantitative Fitness Analysis Workflow

Published on: August 13, 2012

QTL Mapping and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing to Identify a Drug Resistance Gene in Toxoplasma gondii
11:37

QTL Mapping and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing to Identify a Drug Resistance Gene in Toxoplasma gondii

Published on: June 22, 2017

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies (Mo-GWAS): Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
08:27

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies (Mo-GWAS): Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype is crucial for evolutionary and genetic studies.
  • The complexity of the genotype-phenotype map and its influence on mutational effects remain areas of active research.
  • Previous models proposed different distributions of mutational effects based on pleiotropy levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the complexity of the genotype-phenotype map affects the distribution of mutational effects.
  • To analyze the relationship between pleiotropy and the magnitude of mutational effects on quantitative traits.
  • To re-evaluate existing models in light of new empirical data.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping analysis was performed on 70 skeletal characters in mice.
  • The total effect of QTLs was regressed against the number of traits affected (level of pleiotropy).

Main Results:

  • Wagner et al. reported that mutations with higher pleiotropy exhibit larger average effects on each affected trait.
  • This finding contradicts some previously established theoretical models.
  • The study highlights a potential complexity in interpreting the relationship between pleiotropy and mutational effect size.

Conclusions:

  • The observed correlation between higher pleiotropy and larger mutational effects may be influenced by unconsidered factors.
  • The possibility of multiple mutations within single QTL regions could introduce bias, explaining the discrepancy with prior models.
  • Further research is needed to refine models of mutational effects and pleiotropy in complex genetic systems.