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Interferon-induced thyroid dysfunction in chronic hepatitis C.

Khaleel M Jamil1, Peter J Leedman, Nickolas Kontorinis

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute, Western Australia, Australia. khaleel.jamil@nhs.net

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|December 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis C treatment with pegylated interferon alpha increases thyroid dysfunction risk, especially in women and Asian patients. Monitoring thyroid function is crucial during and after treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C treatment with interferon is linked to thyroid dysfunction (TD) in 5-14% of patients.
  • This study investigates the incidence, types, outcomes, and predictive risk factors of TD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and risk factors for thyroid dysfunction in patients treated with interferon for chronic hepatitis C.
  • To identify predictors for treatment requirement and persistent TD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 511 patients treated with interferon alpha (IFN) or pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN) +/- ribavirin (RBV).
  • Comparison of cases with abnormal thyroid function tests (TFTs) against treatment-matched controls.
  • Statistical analysis included chi-squared test, Fischer's exact test, Welch's t-test, and multivariate analysis.

Main Results:

  • 45 cases (8.8%) of TD were identified; PEG-IFN was associated with higher TD rates (14.1% vs 6.0%).
  • Female sex (OR 5.6) and Asian ethnicity (OR 2.7) were independent predictors of TD.
  • Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies and earlier TD onset predicted the need for treatment; 16 patients had persistent TD.

Conclusions:

  • Pegylated interferon alpha, female sex, and Asian ethnicity are independent risk factors for TD.
  • TPO antibodies and early TD onset correlate with treatment necessity.
  • Monitoring TFTs during and post-IFN therapy is recommended; benign follicular pattern is the most common cytology finding.