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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Effects of Mindfulness Training Combined with Tai Chi in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Published on: July 14, 2023
[Diabetic autonomic neuropathy diagnosed in primary care in patients with type 2 diabetes]
Sonia Collado Márquez1, Icíar Vegas Jáudenes, Sonia Delgado Cortés
1Medicina de Familia, Centro de Salud Fronteras, Torrejón de Ardoz, Area 3, Madrid, Spain.
Objective:
To determine the prevalence of diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) in patients with type 2 diabetes using a cardiovascular test.
Design:
Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Setting:
Primary care clinics in Fronteras de Torrejón de Ardoz Health Centre, Area 3, Madrid, Spain.
Participants:
Of the 361 diabetics assigned to 3 participating patient quotas, 317 patients had type 2 diabetes. Of those, 104 were excluded due to being immobile, cardiac arrhythmia, and/or on treatment with chronotropic drugs. Of the 213 patients included, 169 had the test and 44 were lost.
Interventions:
Performing of the orthostatic response test.
Main Measurements:
Age, sex, years since diagnosed with diabetes (measured by patient anamnesis), treatment (hygiene-diet measures, oral antidiabetics, insulin) were recorded, along with the R-R'30:15 ratio (classified as normal: 31.04, borderline: 1.01 to 1.03, and pathological: pound1.00).
Results:
The prevalence of DAN using the orthostatic response test was 56.2% (95 patients with a pathological R-R'30:15 index) out of a total of 169 patients with type 2 diabetes. The definitive diagnosis of DAN found in the clinical histories reviewed was 1.8%.
Conclusions:
DAN goes unnoticed in our evaluation of the patient with diabetes. The improvement in diagnosing this complication and incorporating cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction tests in primary care follow-up protocols, would enable closer metabolic control and improve the prognosis of the disease.
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