Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026
07:23
Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay
Published on: June 9, 2011
Enterovirus 71, one virus and many stories
Shih-Min Wang1, Tzong-Shiann Ho, Ching-Fen Shen
1Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
Pediatrics and Neonatology
|December 6, 2008
Summary
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes severe neurological illness, including brainstem encephalitis and paralysis. Management strategies targeting inflammation and autonomic dysregulation may reduce mortality in affected children.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Neurology
- Immunology
Background:
- Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a significant pathogen causing severe neurological diseases, including brainstem encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis, particularly in Taiwan.
- EV71 infections can lead to life-threatening complications such as autonomic nervous system dysregulation and pulmonary edema (PE).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of cytokines and systemic inflammatory responses in the pathogenesis of EV71-associated pulmonary edema.
- To evaluate the efficacy of pathogenesis-based management strategies in reducing mortality in severe EV71 infections.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of cytokine profiles in the central nervous system and systemic circulation.
- Assessment of inflammatory markers in patients with EV71 infection and pulmonary edema.
- Retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes in children treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and milrinone.
Main Results:
- Cytokines and systemic inflammation are implicated in the development of EV71-associated pulmonary edema.
- Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and milrinone was associated with improved survival rates in severe cases.
- Early recognition and management of complications are crucial for patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the inflammatory mechanisms in EV71 infection is key to developing effective treatments.
- Pathogenesis-based management, including immunotherapy and supportive care, can significantly reduce mortality in severe EV71 infections.
- Further research into EV71 pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.
More Related Videos
11:09EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay
Published on: September 11, 2016
12:32EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR
Published on: January 16, 2016
Related Concept Videos
01:17Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
00:57Viral Recombination
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
01:18Viral Meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
01:29Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
01:18Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...