Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
Published on: April 17, 2021
Bail-out reverse controlled antegrade and retrograde subintimal tracking accompanied by multiple complications in
Jon Suh1, Yoon Haeng Cho, Nae Hee Lee
1Division of Cardiology, SoonChunHyang University Bucheon Hospital, Wonmi-Gu, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
Insights
The reverse controlled antegrade and retrograde subintimal tracking (reverse CART) technique successfully treated complex coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) after conventional methods failed. Careful technique and experienced operators are crucial due to potential collateral vessel complications.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Cardiology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) can be challenging.
- Retrograde approaches using collateral channels improve PCI success rates.
- The reverse controlled antegrade and retrograde subintimal tracking (reverse CART) technique is rarely used due to complexity and risk of dissection.
Observation:
- A case of failed conventional antegrade PCI for CTO is presented.
- The reverse CART technique was successfully employed in a setting of severe dissection.
- Unexpected collateral-donor vessel complications occurred during the procedure.
Findings:
- The reverse CART technique demonstrated potential usefulness in complex CTO cases where antegrade approaches fail.
- Successful application of reverse CART in a severely dissected vessel was achieved.
- The procedure highlighted the risk of significant collateral-donor vessel complications.
Implications:
- Highly experienced operators and a systematic approach are essential for successful and safe reverse CART procedures.
- This technique may offer a viable option for complex CTOs, but requires careful risk management.
- Further research into optimizing reverse CART and managing its complications is warranted.
Abstract:
Recently, a retrograde approach through collateral channels was introduced to improve the success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for a coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO). Among the various wire-crossing techniques via the retrograde approach, the reverse controlled antegrade and retrograde subintimal tracking (reverse CART) technique is the most rarely used due to technical difficulties and the probability of causing an iatrogenic dissection. We describe a case in which the conventional antegrade approach failed and the reverse CART technique was performed successfully in the setting of severe dissection, suggesting the usefulness of this novel technique. However, we encountered unexpected collateral-donor vessel complications that could have resulted in life-threatening ischemia, suggesting that a systemized approach by a highly-experienced operator is essential in ensuring the success of this complex procedure.
Related Concept Videos
Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care
Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction